Showing posts with label military. Show all posts
Showing posts with label military. Show all posts

Friday, January 18

Going commando

I have a fashion emergency.

I am going commando!

I received my Steampunk Soldier Skirt Set yesterday and promptly got into uniform - adding my own little touches, of course.

My shell necklace is perfect with this military look, as is the helmet Momma found for me last year.

And I had to wear my mitts because what self-respecting soldier wants to get her hands dirty?

But this look does not go well with my longer Unmentionables!

Help! I need short black bloomers ASAP!


Thursday, January 10

Soldier of good fortune

Cupcake Cutie Pie
 It's nice to be a fashionista and trend setter.

When Momma complimented Erin at Cupcake Cutie Pie about her new Steampunk Soldier - Skirt Set for American Girl, Erin said, "My venturing into Steampunk fashion for AG is inspired by your Steampunk Addie."

Aww.
Modern and fashionable, this outfit starts with a black camisole in lace over cotton with thin cotton straps. The camisole fastens in back with buttons. The wrap skirt is made of a olive drab twill with black lace ruffled underskirt and fastens with snaps. Buttons on the skirt side with two metal chains and charms add detail. The olive drab twill cropped jacket features black piping at the banded sleeves, black top stitching and a medal applique.

And included as a bonus gift: Camouflage combat boots!

Did you know that the use of camouflage was spurred by the increasing range and accuracy of firearms in the 19th century? In particular the replacement of the inaccurate musket with the rifle made personal concealment in battle into a survival skill. Military camouflage developed rapidly, especially during World War I.

I think this outfit deserves a Gear of Approval, don't you?




Thursday, November 22

A day of Thanksgiving and Praise

turkey by Pippaloo
By the President of the United States of America.

A Proclamation.

The year that is drawing towards its close, has been filled with the blessings of fruitful fields and healthful skies. To these bounties, which are so constantly enjoyed that we are prone to forget the source from which they come, others have been added, which are of so extraordinary a nature, that they cannot fail to penetrate and soften even the heart which is habitually insensible to the ever watchful providence of Almighty God. In the midst of a civil war of unequaled magnitude and severity, which has sometimes seemed to foreign States to invite and to provoke their aggression, peace has been preserved with all nations, order has been maintained, the laws have been respected and obeyed, and harmony has prevailed everywhere except in the theatre of military conflict; while that theatre has been greatly contracted by the advancing armies and navies of the Union. Needful diversions of wealth and of strength from the fields of peaceful industry to the national defence, have not arrested the plough, the shuttle or the ship; the axe has enlarged the borders of our settlements, and the mines, as well of iron and coal as of the precious metals, have yielded even more abundantly than heretofore. Population has steadily increased, notwithstanding the waste that has been made in the camp, the siege and the battle-field; and the country, rejoicing in the consiousness of augmented strength and vigor, is permitted to expect continuance of years with large increase of freedom. No human counsel hath devised nor hath any mortal hand worked out these great things. They are the gracious gifts of the Most High God, who, while dealing with us in anger for our sins, hath nevertheless remembered mercy. It has seemed to me fit and proper that they should be solemnly, reverently and gratefully acknowledged as with one heart and one voice by the whole American People. I do therefore invite my fellow citizens in every part of the United States, and also those who are at sea and those who are sojourning in foreign lands, to set apart and observe the last Thursday of November next, as a day of Thanksgiving and Praise to our beneficent Father who dwelleth in the Heavens. And I recommend to them that while offering up the ascriptions justly due to Him for such singular deliverances and blessings, they do also, with humble penitence for our national perverseness and disobedience, commend to His tender care all those who have become widows, orphans, mourners or sufferers in the lamentable civil strife in which we are unavoidably engaged, and fervently implore the interposition of the Almighty Hand to heal the wounds of the nation and to restore it as soon as may be consistent with the Divine purposes to the full enjoyment of peace, harmony, tranquillity and Union.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and caused the Seal of the United States to be affixed.

Done at the City of Washington, this Third day of October, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, and of the Independence of the Unites States the Eighty-eighth.

By the President: Abraham Lincoln

William H. Seward,
Secretary of State


Monday, July 2

Sweet dreams are made of this

The first Zeppelin flight occurred on July 2, 1900 over Lake Constance in Germany. It was based on designs German Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin had outlined in 1874 and detailed in 1893. His plans were reviewed by committee in 1894 and patented in the United States on March 14, 1899.

It was largely due to support by aviation enthusiasts that von Zeppelin's idea got a second (and third) chance and would be developed into a reasonably reliable technology.

Given the outstanding success of the Zeppelin design, the term zeppelin in casual use came to refer to all rigid airships. Zeppelins were first flown commercially in 1910 by Deutsche Luftschiffahrts-AG (DELAG), the world's first airline in revenue service. By mid-1914, DELAG had carried over 34,000 passengers on over 1,500 flights.

After the outbreak of World War I, the German military made extensive use of Zeppelins as bombers and scouts.

The World War I defeat of Germany in 1918 halted the airship business temporarily, but civilian zeppelins became popular again after the War. Their heyday was during the 1930s when the airships LZ 127 Graf Zeppelin and LZ 129 Hindenburg operated regular transatlantic flights from Germany to North America and Brazil. (The Art Deco spire of the Empire State Building was originally, if impractically, designed to serve as a dirigible terminal for Zeppelins and other airships to dock.)

Sadly, the Hindenburg disaster on May 6, 1937 hastened the demise of the Zeppelin.


Tuesday, June 19

Juneteenth

Today is one of my favorite holidays.

Juneteenth, also known as Freedom Day or Emancipation Day, is a holiday in the United States commemorating the announcement of the abolition of slavery in Texas in 1865.

Although President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation on Sept. 22, 1862, with an effective date of Jan. 1, 1863, it had minimal immediate effect on most slaves’ day-to-day lives, particularly in the Confederate States of America.

Texas, as a part of the Confederacy, was resistant to the Emancipation Proclamation and while slavery was prevalent in east Texas, it was not as common in west Texas.

Juneteenth commemorates June 18 and 19, 1865. June 18 is the day Union General Gordon Granger and 2,000 federal troops arrived in Galveston, Texas, to take possession of the state and enforce the emancipation of its slaves.

Legend has it that while standing on the balcony of Galveston’s Ashton Villa on June 19, 1865 , Granger read the contents of “General Order No. 3”:


The people of Texas are informed that, in accordance with a proclamation from the Executive of the United States, all slaves are free. This involves an absolute equality of personal rights and rights of property between former masters and slaves, and the connection heretofore existing between them becomes that between employer and hired labor. The freedmen are advised to remain quietly at their present homes and work for wages. They are informed that they will not be allowed to collect at military posts and that they will not be supported in idleness either there or elsewhere.

Former slaves in Galveston rejoiced in the streets with jubilant celebrations. Juneteenth celebrations began in Texas the following year. Across many parts of Texas, freed people pooled their funds to purchase land specifically for their communities and increasingly large Juneteenth gatherings — including Houston’s Emancipation Park, Mexia’s Booker T. Washington Park, and Emancipation Park in Austin.

As of June 2011, 41 states and the District of Columbia have recognized Juneteenth as either a state holiday or state holiday observance.




Monday, May 28

A day to remember


Joyeux anniversaire ma chère amie, Cécile!

While enjoying your holiday weekend (and Cécile's birthday) please remember those who have died for your freedom.

Memorial day has its origins in Decoration Day, which began during the Civil War among Freedmen (freed slaves) and other Black American families, as a celebration of both black and white Union soldiers who fought for liberation and justice. Together with teachers and missionaries, Blacks in Charleston organized a May Day ceremony on May 1, 1865, which was covered by the New York Tribune and other national papers.

During the war, Union soldiers who were prisoners of war had been held at the Charleston Race Course; at least 257 Union prisoners died there and were hastily buried in unmarked graves.

The sheer number of dead soldiers, both Union and Confederate, who perished in the civil war meant that burial and memorialization would take on new cultural significance. Particularly under the leadership of women during the war, an increasingly formal practice of decorating graves had already taken shape. 

The freedmen had cleaned up and landscaped the burial ground, building an enclosure and an arch labeled, "Martyrs of the Race Course." Nearly 10,000 people, mostly freedmen, gathered on May 1 to commemorate the dead. Involved were 3,000 schoolchildren newly enrolled in freedmen's schools, mutual aid societies, Union troops, and black ministers and white northern missionaries. Most brought flowers to lay on the burial field.

In 1865, the federal government began a program of creating national military cemeteries for the Union dead; Decoration Day was soon expanded (and de-politicized) from its origins in Black America to the broader Memorial Day tradition more well-known today.


Saturday, May 26

The Steampunk Letters

Momma's in the midst of (mentally) creating a new steampunk friend for me!

I don't know when she might actually appear in our lives, but introducing Abcynthia Wormwood!*

She's a combination of Wilde Imagination's Ellowyne Wilde line: the sold out Wicked Witch of the West and Imperium Park's Military Theory outfit.

Abcynthia has raven hair with dark brown eyes, and green vinyl skin. 

The Military Theory outfit "features a bodysuit with lace trim and collar decoration, textured pleather jacket with golden studs, textured pleather corset with golden buckles, rings, and stud decorations, crinkled chiffon skirt, pants, hat, matching pleather gloves and leg strap, daggers, and matching boots with golden buckles."

*In case you are wondering, absinthe is an anise-flavoured spirit derived from botanicals, including the flowers and leaves of Artemisia absinthium (a.k.a. "grand wormwood"), together with green anise, sweet fennel, and other medicinal and culinary herbs. Absinthe traditionally has a natural green colour but may also be colorless. It is commonly referred to in historical literature as "la fée verte" (the green fairy).


Friday, May 18

The Siege of Vicksburg


Momma says it's kind of strange to know what an ancestor was doing and where 149 years after the fact.

Her great-great-grandfather, Capt. William H. Huls, is the bearded officer at the front left of this memorial photo.

The inscription reads:

History of Company "H," 58 Ohio Infantry Volunteers. 
The company was organized at Camp Medill, Ohio on the 26th of November, 1861, and non-veterans mustered out of service January 8, 1865. During the above time were in the following engagements and skirmishes. In the battle of Fort Donelson, Tenn., February 15th and 16, 1862; Shiloh, Tenn., April 7th, 1862; skirmishes at Milliken's Bend, La., Hayne's Bluff, Greenville and Bolivar Landing, Miss. Aug. 1862; in the battle of Fort Morgan, Miss., Dec. 27th, 28th, and 29th, 1862; Arkansas Post, on the Arkansas river, Jan 10th and 11th, 1863; detached on U.S. gunboat Pittsburg Feb. 7th, 1863; in action at Tolling Fork, Miss., Mar 19, 20, and 21, 1863; in action while running the blockade of Vicksburg, Miss., April 16, 1863; Fort Beauregard, La., May 10th and 11th, 1863; and inactions at Simsport, La., June 4th, '63. Rejoined the regiment at Vickburg, Miss., Oct. 12, 1863. 
Alterations of the Company Since Its Organization 
Enlisted as veterans, Jan 1863, 25; recruits from depots, 16; transferred, 2; discharged, 13; died of disease, 15; killed inaction, 10. Total number killed and wounded during the campaign ofthree years, four months, and three days, 27.



The Siege of Vicksburg (May 18 – July 4, 1863) was the final major military action in the Vicksburg Campaign of the American Civil War. In a series of maneuvers, Union Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant and his Army of the Tennessee crossed the Mississippi River and drove the Confederate army of Lt. Gen. John C. Pemberton into the defensive lines surrounding the fortress city of Vicksburg, Miss.

When two major assaults (May 19 and May 22, 1863) against the Confederate fortifications were repulsed with heavy casualties, Grant decided to besiege the city beginning on May 25. With no reinforcement, supplies nearly gone, and after holding out for more than 40 days, the garrison finally surrendered on July 4. This action (combined with the capitulation of Port Hudson on July 9) yielded command of the Mississippi River to the Union forces, who would hold it for the rest of the conflict.

The Confederate surrender following the siege at Vicksburg is sometimes considered, when combined with Gen. Robert E. Lee's defeat at Gettysburg the previous day, the turning point of the war. It also cut off communication with Confederate forces in the Trans-Mississippi Department for the remainder of the war.


The city of Vicksburg would not celebrate Independence Day for about 80 years as a result of the siege and surrender.


Wednesday, April 18

So long, Dick Clark...for now

Dick Clark, best known for hosting long-running television program American Bandstand, died today at age 82.

America's Oldest Teenager was known for his youthful appearance as well as his catchphrase, "For now, Dick Clark...so long," which was delivered with a military salute.

Before Dick Clark, Alan Freed promoted live shows in 1957 in which blacks and whites danced together in the aisles. The national sponsors insisted that the network kill the show, which it did.

A week later, American Bandstand made its debut on national TV.

The Civil Rights movement made it clear that dance shows like American Bandstand could not be segregated. The key battle on this front was fought in Baltimore, where the local equivalent was the Buddy Deane Show.

Modern audiences are familiar with Deane's story which was the basis for John Water's 1988 movie Hairspray, which was later adapted as a Broadway musical and another movie by the same name.

The kids on the Deane show were white - except for once a month when they were black. This segregation brought protests from the NAACP.

Deane offered to reserve three days a week for blacks but the station took the show off the air because of continuing protests.

For several years the cameras on American Bandstand rarely showed blacks in the audience or dancing. It is debated how much of an active role Clark had in integrating the show's dancers, but is is credited with playing the music of black musicians instead of the covers by white musicians.

It wasn't until the mid-1960s that American Bandstand really integrated.



Wednesday, March 14

Wilde about steampunk

I was complaining to Momma last night about the new Imperium Park line by Wilde Imagination and wondered why they hadn't given those lovely steampunk items to my dear friend Lizette Dionne.


Air Ship Escape
So Momma got busy with Photoshop.

Isn't Lizette stunning in her new outfits?



Military Theory
Now Momma says I have to get busy and earn the money myself to buy Steampunk Lizette and her costumes.

Sheesh.

Don't you think Lizette would make a fine traveling companion for me?




Wednesday, December 7

A date which will live in infamy

The attack on Pearl Harbor was a surprise military strike conducted by the Imperial Japanese Navy against the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawai'i, on the morning of Dec. 7, 1941.

All eight U.S. Navy battleships were damaged, 188 U.S. aircraft were destroyed; 2,402 Americans were killed and 1,282 wounded.

The attack came as a profound shock to the American people and led directly to the American entry into World War II in both Europe and the Pacific. The United States declared war on Japan on Dec.8, and Germany and Italy to declared war on the U.S. on Dec. 11, which was reciprocated by the U.S. the same day.

The lack of any formal warning led President Franklin D. Roosevelt to proclaim Dec. 7, 1941, "a date which will live in infamy."


Friday, December 2

Never again


Like many, I was horrified to hear about a proposed bill in the U.S. Senate. I can't say it any better than Japanese-American actor George Takei who suffered a similar fate as a child,
“Now a bill proposed in the U.S. Senate, S. 1253 (McCain/Levin) would authorize a similar sweeping authority, granted to the President, to order the detention–without charge or trial–of any person even suspected of being associated with a “terrorist organization.”  I could scarcely believe my eyes when I saw that we hadn’t learned from the terrible lessons of the past.”
Let me refresh your memory. Japanese-American internment was the relocation and internment by the United States government in 1942 of approximately 110,000 Japanese-Americans and Japanese who lived along the Pacific coast of the United States to camps called "War Relocation Camps," after Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor on Dec. 7, 1941.

The internment of Japanese-Americans was applied unequally throughout the United States. Japanese-Americans who lived on the West Coast were all interned, while in Hawai'i (where Japanese Americans formed more than one-third of the population) only 1,200-1,800 Japanese-Americans were interned.

Of those interned, 62 percent were American citizens.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, a declaration adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on Dec. 10, 1948 at Palais de Chaillot, Paris, restricts the use of internment; Article 9 states that, "No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile."

Has McCain forgotten that Congress passed, and his hero President Ronald Reagan signed, legislation in 1988 which apologized on behalf of the U.S. government for the internment? The legislation said that government actions were based on "race prejudice, war hysteria, and a failure of political leadership."

The U.S. government eventually disbursed more than $1.6 billion in reparations to the Japanese-Americans and their heirs who had been interned.

In this new bill, Section 1031 would let the military lock up both Americans and non-citizens in all 50 states without charges, no trial, and no proof beyond a reasonable doubt. All that would be required would be suspicion.

So why am I so steamed about this? Please remember that I was a slave and held against my will. And I am not alone.

My friend Jeannie Akiko Wakatsuki also spent time in the Arizona internment camps. Her mother's of German-Jewish heritage and her father Japanese. They met at Berkeley but had to marry in Mexico due to California's miscegenation laws at the time. When Jeannie's first-generation father was sent to an internment camp, Jeannie and her mother chose to go with him.

Jeannie's dearest possessions are her Wizard of Oz Madame Alexander dolls and movie memorabilia. If there is one thing she has learned since being in the internment camps, "There's no place like home."

Please let your senator know what you think of this bill.


Thursday, November 24

A day of Thanksgiving and Praise

This is the proclamation which set the precedent for America's national day of Thanksgiving.

Prior to this, each state scheduled its own Thanksgiving holiday at different times, mainly in New England and other Northern states.

Sarah Josepha Hale, the 74-year-old editor of Godey's Lady's Book and author of Mary Had a Little Lamb, wrote a letter to President Lincoln on Sept. 28, 1863, urging him to have the "day of our annual Thanksgiving made a National and fixed Union Festival."

She explained, "You may have observed that, for some years past, there has been an increasing interest felt in our land to have the Thanksgiving held on the same day, in all the States; it now needs National recognition and authoritative fixation, only, to become permanently, an American custom and institution."

The new national holiday was considered a unifying day after the stress of the American Civil War. Prior to the addition of Thanksgiving, the only national holidays celebrated in the United States were Washington's Birthday and Independence Day.

The document below sets apart the last Thursday of November "as a day of Thanksgiving and Praise." According to an April 1, 1864, letter from John Nicolay, one of President Lincoln's secretaries, this document was handwritten by Secretary of State William Seward. A year later the manuscript, which is now part of the
National Archives, was sold to benefit Union troops.
By the President of the United States of America.

A Proclamation.

The year that is drawing towards its close, has been filled with the blessings of fruitful fields and healthful skies. To these bounties, which are so constantly enjoyed that we are prone to forget the source from which they come, others have been added, which are of so extraordinary a nature, that they cannot fail to penetrate and soften even the heart which is habitually insensible to the ever watchful providence of Almighty God. In the midst of a civil war of unequaled magnitude and severity, which has sometimes seemed to foreign States to invite and to provoke their aggression, peace has been preserved with all nations, order has been maintained, the laws have been respected and obeyed, and harmony has prevailed everywhere except in the theatre of military conflict; while that theatre has been greatly contracted by the advancing armies and navies of the Union. Needful diversions of wealth and of strength from the fields of peaceful industry to the national defense, have not arrested the plough, the shuttle or the ship; the axe has enlarged the borders of our settlements, and the mines, as well of iron and coal as of the precious metals, have yielded even more abundantly than heretofore. Population has steadily increased, notwithstanding the waste that has been made in the camp, the siege and the battle-field; and the country, rejoicing in the consciousness of augmented strength and vigor, is permitted to expect continuance of years with large increase of freedom. No human counsel hath devised nor hath any mortal hand worked out these great things. They are the gracious gifts of the Most High God, who, while dealing with us in anger for our sins, hath nevertheless remembered mercy. It has seemed to me fit and proper that they should be solemnly, reverently and gratefully acknowledged as with one heart and one voice by the whole American People. I do therefore invite my fellow citizens in every part of the United States, and also those who are at sea and those who are sojourning in foreign lands, to set apart and observe the last Thursday of November next, as a day of Thanksgiving and Praise to our beneficent Father who dwelleth in the Heavens. And I recommend to them that while offering up the ascriptions justly due to Him for such singular deliverances and blessings, they do also, with humble penitence for our national perverseness and disobedience, commend to His tender care all those who have become widows, orphans, mourners or sufferers in the lamentable civil strife in which we are unavoidably engaged, and fervently implore the interposition of the Almighty Hand to heal the wounds of the nation and to restore it as soon as may be consistent with the Divine purposes to the full enjoyment of peace, harmony, tranquility and Union.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and caused the Seal of the United States to be affixed.

Done at the City of Washington, this Third day of October, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, and of the Independence of the Unites States the Eighty-eighth. 



By the President:
William H. Seward,
Secretary of State

In 1939 President Franklin D. Roosevelt moved the holiday to the third Thursday of November to lengthen the Christmas shopping season and boost the economy still recovering from the Depression. This move, which set off a national debate, was reversed in 1941 when Congress passed and President Roosevelt approved a joint house resolution establishing, by law, the fourth Thursday in November as Thanksgiving Day.

Saturday, November 19

Four score and seven years ago...


U.S. President Abraham Lincoln delivered his famous Gettysburg Address on Nov. 19, 1863 at the dedication of the military cemetery ceremony at Gettysburg, Pa.

(The Battle of Gettysburg was fought July 1–3, 1863. It is often described as the war's turning point and had the most casualties in the American Civil War.) 

Despite the historical significance of Lincoln's speech, its exact wording is unknown since published, and even Lincoln's handwritten copies, differ. This is the only known version which Lincoln signed, and was the last he is known to have written.
Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.

Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation, so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battle-field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.

But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate, we can not consecrate, we can not hallow this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us—that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion—that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain—that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.

Friday, November 11

11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month of the 11th year

Once again it's time to thank a vet for the freedom you enjoy.

Veterans Day is an annual United States federal holiday observed on Nov. 11 honoring military veterans. It is also celebrated as Armistice Day or Remembrance Day in other parts of the world and falls on Nov. 11, the anniversary of the signing of the Armistice that ended World War I.

Major hostilities of World War I were formally ended at the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month of 1918 with the German signing of the Armistice.

Did you know this holiday is often celebrated by having a ravioli meal?! This tradition dates back to the ending days of World War I when President Woodrow Wilson, aware that the returning soldiers would be longing for home cooked meals, invited 2,000 soldiers to the White House and helped his staff chefs cook them ravioli, which had just become a mainstay in mainstream American kitchens due to commercial canning.

The holiday is commonly printed as Veteran's Day or Veterans' Day in calendars and advertisements. While these spellings are grammatically acceptable, the United States government has declared that the attributive (no apostrophe) rather than the possessive case is the official spelling.

Wilson first proclaimed an Armistice Day for Nov. 11, 1919. In proclaiming the holiday, he said
"To us in America, the reflections of Armistice Day will be filled with solemn pride in the heroism of those who died in the country's service and with gratitude for the victory, both because of the thing from which it has freed us and because of the opportunity it has given America to show her sympathy with peace and justice in the councils of the nations."

The United States Congress passed a concurrent resolution seven years later on June 4, 1926, requesting that the President Calvin Coolidge issue another proclamation to observe Nov. 11 with appropriate ceremonies. An Act approved May 13, 1938, made Nov. 11 a legal holiday; "a day to be dedicated to the cause of world peace and to be thereafter celebrated and known as 'Armistice Day'."

In 1953, an Emporia, Kansas man named Alvin King, the owner of a shoe repair shop, had the idea to expand Armistice Day to celebrate all veterans, not just those who died in World War I. He began a campaign to turn Armistice Day into "All" Veterans Day. President Dwight Eisenhower signed it into law on May 26, 1954.


Congress amended this act on June 1, 1954, replacing "Armistice" with "Veterans," and it has been known as Veterans Day since.


Although originally scheduled for celebration on Nov. 11 of every year, starting in 1971 in accordance with the Uniform Monday Holiday Act, Veterans Day was moved to the fourth Monday of October. After seven years it was moved back to its original celebration on Nov. 11, 1978.

Many people associate Veterans Day with poppies. Why? The red remembrance poppy became a familiar emblem of Remembrance Day due to the poem In Flanders Fields. Red poppies bloomed across some of the worst battlefields of Flanders after World War I, their brilliant red colour an appropriate symbol for the blood spilled in the war.

The Veterans of Foreign Wars conducted its first poppy distribution before Memorial Day in 1922, becoming the first veterans' organization to organize a nationwide distribution. 

 

Thursday, September 22

I see you shiver with Emanci...pation

One morning, while we were still slaves, Momma woke me by singing:
We can never know about the days to come
But we think about them anyway, yay
And I wonder if I'm really with you now
Or just chasin' after some finer day

Emancipation, emancipation
Is makin' me late
Is keepin' me waitin'
With apologies to Abraham Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation of Jan. 1, 1863
and Carly Simon's Anticipation song of 1971.

President Abraham Lincoln first discussed the Emancipation Proclamation with his cabinet in July 1862. He believed he needed a Union victory on the battlefield so his decision would appear positive and strong.

The Battle of Antietam, in which Union troops turned back a Confederate invasion of Maryland, gave him that opportunity. Five days after Antietam, Lincoln called his cabinet into session on Sept. 22, 1862 and issued the Preliminary Proclamation.

Lincoln told his Cabinet that he had made a covenant with God - that if the Union drove the Confederacy out of Maryland, he would issue the Emancipation Proclamation.

The Preliminary Proclamation declared that all slaves (with some exceptions) in states that were still in rebellion as of Jan. 1, 1863, would be free. One hundred days later, with the Confederacy still in full rebellion and the nation approaching its third year of bloody Civil War, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation.

The Emancipation Proclamation also allowed for the enrollment of freed slaves into the United States military. During the war nearly 200,000 blacks, most of them ex-slaves, joined the Union Army. Their contributions gave the North additional manpower that was significant in winning the war. The Confederacy did not allow slaves in their army as soldiers until its final months.

Total abolition of slavery was ratified by the Thirteenth Amendment which took effect in December 1865.


Thursday, August 4

They accepted the challenge



I was reading about the Tuskegee Airmen gathering this week in Washington, D.C., and got to thinking of Bessie Coleman.

She was the first female African American pilot and the first African American to get an international pilots license. Sadly she died at age 34 when she fell from her plane in 1926.

Coleman served as an inspiration for a generation of African American men and women.

"Because of Bessie Coleman," wrote Lieutenant William J. Powell in Black Wings (1934), "we have overcome that which was worse than racial barriers. We have overcome the barriers within ourselves and dared to dream."

Before the Tuskegee Airmen, no African American had become a U.S. military pilot. African-American men had tried to become aerial observers during World War I, but were rejected.

(African American Eugene Bullard did serve with the Franco-American Lafayette Escadrille in WWI, but was not allowed to transfer to American military units as a pilot when the other American pilots were offered the chance.)

The Tuskegee Airmen were the first African American military aviators in the United States armed forces. The American military was racially segregated and the Tuskegee Airmen were subject to racial discrimination, both within and outside the army. Despite these adversities, they trained and flew with distinction.

In all, of the 996 pilots who trained in Tuskegee, Ala., from 1941 to 1946:

  • approximately 445 were deployed overseas
  • 150 Airmen lost their lives in accidents or combat
  • 66 pilots killed in action or accidents
  • 32 fell into captivity as prisoners of war

First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt inspected the new flight program at Tuskegee in March 1941, and took a half-hour flight with African-American chief civilian instructor C. Alfred "Chief" Anderson.

She cheerfully said after landing, "Well, you can fly all right."


Monday, August 1

It's curtains for you

"Great balls of fire! They're my portieres now! I'm going to Atlanta for that $300, and I've got to go looking like a queen."


Thankfully, most of My Faithful Readers seem to be familiar with Gone With the Wind.

But some of you seem to be unfamiliar with Carol Burnett's classic parody, Went With the Wind.

In GWTW, both the book and the movie, Scarlett plans to go to Atlanta to get $300 from Rhett Butler to pay the taxes on Tara. To impress him, she needs a new dress and makes one from her mother's portieres.

Incidentally, according to Wikipedia, a portière is a hanging placed over a door or over the doorless entrance to a room. Its name is derived from the French word for door, porte.
In Margaret Mitchell's novel, Gone with the Wind, the protagonist Scarlett O'Hara makes a new dress from her mother's green velvet portieres. Although the term is used incorrectly in the movie; the characters are talking about green velvet window curtains while portieres are so named because they hang in doorways. (The scene was famously parodied on The Carol Burnett Show when Carol Burnett, playing the role of Scarlett, wore not only the fabric but the curtain rod as well.)
In WWTW, Starlett needs to get $300 from Ratt Butler to pay the taxes on Terra. She also makes a dress from her mother's drapes.

The 1939 movie GWTW made its broadcast TV debut on Nov. 7-8, 1976 in two parts on NBC. Burnett's 18-minute parody WWTW aired Nov. 13, 1976 on CBS.

Carol Burnett later said the audience laughed for more than 10 minutes (a show record) when she first appeared and they had to stop taping until the audience settled down.

Burnett's dress is now in the Smithsonian. From Smithsonian.com on May 14, 2009:
Like Miss Starlett, the Smithsonian saw that Bob Mackie dress in the window and couldn’t resist it. That’s right, folks, the curtain rod dress now honors the hallowed halls of the Smithsonian as a part of the American History Museum’s Kennedy Center Honors collection. And that’s hardly something to fiddle dee dee about. Not only is the dress representative of Mackie’s decadently innovative designs, it’s a monument to the art of parody and the golden age of American comedy. No word yet on if and when it will go on public display, but we’ll be sure to keep you posted. Because, frankly, we give a damn.
I guess I'll have to go back to Washington, D.C. Again.

In the meantime, look for Went with the Wind on YouTube (Part One and Part Two).

Why did I want this? Well, I am all about alternative history. While I can appreciate the literary merit of GWTW (the book) and like the movie, certain, um, shall we say "glorified perspectives" set my vinyl teeth on edge. Besides I liked the green velvet and the curtain rod made me think of military epaulettes. 

But, I ask you, who looks better? Me or that Scarlett woman?


Tuesday, July 26

I spy with my little eye

Me guarding President Lincoln while he meets Gen. McClellan on Oct. 3, 1862.

After the defeat of the Union forces at Bull Run on July 21, 1861, President Abraham Lincoln summoned Philadelphia's George McClellan from West Virginia. McClellan traveled by special train on the main Pennsylvania line through Philadelphia to Washington, D.C., and was greeted by adoring crowds that met his train along the way.

This effusive article was printed by the Philadelphia Inquirer on July 26, 1861:  

General McClellan in Philadelphia—Grand Reception

A telegraphic dispatch was received in this city yesterday morning from Pittsburg, stating that General McClellan would pass through Philadelphia en route to Washington. He left Pittsburg in the fast night line on the Pennsylvania Railroad, and reached the West Philadelphia depot at two P.M. yesterday afternoon.

The ground in the neighborhood of the West Philadelphia station was crowded with workmen, citizens and ladies, and as the last car, in which the General was seated, was detached from the locomotive, it was invaded by the curious spectators. The utmost exertions of the brakesmen and employees was required to keep the platform even passably clear, and finally the object of the excitement was induced to expose himself to view at the rear door, when he was greeted with enthusiastic and oft-repeated cheers.

Gen. McClellan was accompanied by his wife and Colonel Key and Major Storman. Mrs. McClellan joined her husband at Wheeling, and participated in the reception at Pittsburg. E. C. Biddle, Esq., a relative of Mrs. McClellan, with other Philadelphians, met the party just beyond the city.

The passage of the car down Market street was almost obstructed by the crowds rushing over the cobblestones and pavements. The General made his appearance on the front platform, and received cheers at every corner. He gratefully acknowledged the compliment, and as the curve at Eleventh street was rounded, and the vehicle turned into the railroad depot, he was doubtless glad to be relieved from the necessity of paying tribute to the admiring people. Another trial was yet to come, however, for while passing from the car door to the street, he was beset by a crowd more enthusiastic than polite, and was obliged to yield to the pressure, and be carried along by the tide. Before leaving the car, he was introduced to Mayor Henry, and the two proceeded to the barouche in company. They were then driven up Market street to Broad, and the General was received by the First Regiment of Grey Reserves, Colonel Ellmaker, who were drawn up in line, the right resting on Market street. The barouche was driven along the front of the line, and the men presented arms, General McClellan standing upright in the vehicle. The steps of the Mint, immediately opposite, were crowded, as was the sidewalk.

The barouche halted in front of the color-bearers, who then took precedence, and the regiment, escorting the General, marched down Chestnut street to Third, along Third to Walnut, and up Walnut to the residence of John McClellan, brother of the General. At various points on the route, including the Continental Hotel, and the office of The Inquirer, loud cheers were given, and acknowledged by the recipient. The vehicle also contained Mayor Henry and Paymaster R. P. DeSilver, of the Grey Reserves.

At the house on Walnut Street the military halted. A strong police force was in attendance, and General McClellan passed into the dwelling without difficulty, only to reappear, however, in a few moments, upon the balcony, in answer to repeated calls. He then reviewed the troops, and as the cheering and shouts still continued, made a few remarks.

He thanked his fellow citizens for the reception which they had given him, but felt that the good wishes and good feeling expressed were not intended for him personally, but for the brave men under his command. This was not the time to indulge in words, but to act, and in obedience to his instructions he would go to Washington and lend what assistance he could in the present emergency. After again thanking the large number of persons for the kind reception, he withdrew amid continued applause, and the crowd dispersed.

General McClellan will leave for Washington, this morning, at eleven o’clock.

Carl Sandburg wrote, "McClellan was the man of the hour, pointed to by events, and chosen by an overwhelming weight of public and private opinion." McClellan was appointed commander of the Military Division of the Potomac on July 26, the main Union force responsible for the defense of Washington.

He later lasted four months (November 1861 to March 1862) as the general-in-chief of the Union Army. While beloved by his troops, he was reluctant to enter into battle. Lincoln said this about McClellan: "If he can't fight himself, he excels in making others ready to fight."

I'll say this about McClellan, he viewed slavery as an institution recognized in the Constitution, and entitled to federal protection wherever it existed. (To be fair, Lincoln held the same public position until August 1862.)

After the war, Ulysses S. Grant said, "McClellan is to me one of the mysteries of the war."

McClellan's not the only mysterious one of the war....


Monday, July 4

The Independence Day Mystery


I am Profoundly Confused.

Momma just told Me her great-great-grandfather (above, bearded officer to the left) was at Vicksburg on July 4, 1863.
The Siege of Vicksburg (May 18 – July 4, 1863) was the final major military action in the Vicksburg Campaign of the American Civil War. In a series of maneuvers, Union Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant and his Army of the Tennessee crossed the Mississippi River and drove the Confederate army of Lt. Gen. John C. Pemberton into the defensive lines surrounding the fortress city of Vicksburg, Mississippi.

She also showed me a Touching Letter written by a soldier who served with her Honorable Ancestor in Company H, 58th Ohio Infantry Volunteers (OVI).

Can it be she's a Time Traveler, too?

While I am trying to Puzzle this out, please be Thankful for your Freedom.

I know I am.